Ornithology entails the scientific study of birds and all that relates to them. Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and the aesthetic appeal of birds. Additionally, amateurs have contributed a lot in terms of time, resources, and financial support. Studies on birds have helped develop key concepts in biology including evolution, behavior and ecology such as the definition of species, the process of speciation, instinct, learning, ecological niches, guilds, island biogeography, phylogeography, and conservation.
Early ornithology
was primarily concerned with the descriptions and distributions of
species, but ornithologists nowadays focus on very specific questions,
often using birds as models to check hypotheses or make predictions
based on theories. Most modern biological theories apply across life
forms, and the number of scientists who identify themselves as
"ornithologists" has therefore declined. A wide range of tools and
techniques are used in ornithology, both inside the laboratory and out
in the field, and innovations are constantly made. Most biologists who
recognize themselves as “Ornithologists” study specific categories, such
as Anatomy, Taxonomy, or Ecology lifestyles and behaviors. Though this
can be applied to the range of all biological practices
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